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Varanus salvadorii
''Varanus salvadorii'' is a monitor lizard found in New Guinea. It is also known by the common names crocodile monitor, Papua(n) monitor, Salvadori's monitor and artellia.〔 The largest monitor lizard in New Guinea, it is believed to be one of the longest lizards in the world, verified at up to , and in rare cases it may rival or exceed the length of the world's largest lizard, the Komodo dragon. It is the sole member of the subgenus ''Papusaurus''. ''V. salvadorii'' is an arboreal lizard with a dark green body and yellowish bands, a blunt snout and a very long tail. It lives in mangrove swamps and coastal rainforests in the southeastern part of the island, where it feeds on birds, small mammals, eggs, and carrion in the wild, using teeth better adapted than those of most monitors for seizing fast-moving prey. Like all monitors, it has anatomical features that enable it to breathe more easily when running than other lizards can, and ''V. salvadorii'' may have greater stamina than most monitors. Little is known of its reproduction and development, as the species is very difficult to breed in captivity.
''V. salvadorii'' is threatened by deforestation and poaching, and is protected by the CITES agreement. The lizard is hunted and skinned alive by tribesmen to make drums, who describe the monitor as an evil spirit that "climbs trees, walks upright, breathes fire, and kills men"; yet the tribesmen maintain that the monitor gives warnings if there are crocodiles nearby.
==Taxonomy and etymology==
''V. salvadorii'' was first described as ''Monitor salvadorii'' by Wilhelm Peters and Giacomo Doria in 1878 from a female specimen with a snout-to-vent length of long and a tail measuring in length.〔
The generic name ''Varanus'' is derived from the Arabic ''waral'' (), meaning "lizard". The term "monitor" is thought to have come about from confusion between ''waral'' and the German ''ドイツ語:warnen'', meaning "warning". The term "goanna" came about as a corruption of the name "iguana". The specific name is derived from a Latinization of Tommaso Salvadori, an Italian ornithologist who worked in New Guinea.〔 Later, in 1885, it was renamed ''Varanus salvadorii'' by George Albert Boulenger. The Papua monitor is occasionally confused for the Asian water monitor (''V. salvator'') because of their similar scientific names.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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